Cooling system for bearings



Nov. 5, 1929. H. A. HOWARTH 1,734,905

VCQIlING SYSTEM FOR BEARINGS Filed Dec. 24, 1919 s sheets-sheet 1172291.

f1 Houma/1N Nov. 5, 1929. H. A. s. HowARTH 1,734,905

COOLING SYSTEM FOR BEARINGS Filed Deo. 24, 1919 s sheets-sheet 2 /QJ2V/Q96.

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H, A. S. H'OWARTH COOLING SYSTEM FOR BEARINGS FiledvDeo. 24, 1919 35118815.51199?.

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Patented Nov. 5, 1929 vUNiri-:D STA/TES PATENT lol-"Ficiz HARRY A. S.HOWARTH, OF PITTSBURGH, IENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE AS- SIGNMENTS,TO KINGSBURY MACHINE WORKS, INC., OF PHILADELPHIA, PENN- SYLVANIA, ACORPORATION OF DELAWARE f COOLING SYSTEM FOR BEARINGS Application filedDecember 24, 1919.' Serial No. 347,084.

This invention relates to bearings, and more particularly, toconstructions and arrangements to facilitate the dissipation of the heatgenerated by the 'friction of the rubbing surfaces of the bearing.l/Vhile ot' utility in a Wide variety of bearings7 the present inventionis especially useiul in conjunction with bearings carrying relativelyheavy loads or rotating at relatively high speeds or both. It hasheretofore been proposed to provide a bearing having bearing surfaceswhich operate in a bat-h of oil and a cooling coil in `said bath of oiltogether with one or more baffles or Walls for directing the flow ofoil,

' produced by the operation of the bearing,

through said kcooling coil. Experience has demonstrated that,particularly witii bearings operatingiunder heavy loads or at highspeeds or both, the-friction at the rubbing surfaces may generate somuch heat as to raise to an undesirableextent the temperature of thelubricating oil. This is none the less true although the proportionalpower eX- rpended in overcoming it'riction is relatively small because,with bearings ot the atoresaid character, the absolute power so expendedmay be relatively large. It is an object ot' this invention kto provideabearing with meanswhich will ensure the maintenance of a suitableoperating ten'iperature for the lubricating oil even kthough theabsolute power converted by friction into heat may be relatively large.

A further object of this invention is to provide a bearing with meansfor eii'ectively cooling the lubricating oil under the aforesaidconditions which does not necessitate the yemployment of a. relativelyexpensive and complicated installation exterior of the bearoil Well,with one or more members for separating the circulating oil froinfthetree surface of. the oil in the Well and for directing the path of thecirculating oil With respect to the cooling coil so as to effect anefficient dissipation or the heat abstracted from the bearing surfaces.

A further object of this invention is to provide a bearing having acooling coil in its oil Well, with passages for oil `circulation wherebythe hot oil leaving the bearing sur- 'laces will be mixed with anadequate volume ot` oil that has been cooled by the coil and arelatively vigorous circulation of oil be maintained through the'coil. ff

Another object of the invention isto provide a bearing with means on therotatable member thereof for aiding or directing the circulation oflubricating oil into heat-interchanging relation with a cooling coil.

Another object of the invention is to provide a bearing wherein thelubricating oil is circulated vigorously through a cooling coil ivithoutcarrying with it substantial quantities of entrained air.

A further object of the invention is to provide a bearing with means foreffecting the proper cooling of `the lubricating oil which is simple inconstruction so as not to unnecessarily complicate the bearing, which isinexpensive to make and install, and which is highly e'fiicient inperforming its function of dissipating the heat. Other objects willappear as the description of the invention proceeds.

Stated broadly, the invention comprises a bearing composed of rotatableand stationary bearing members, in combination with an oil Well i'orsupplying the bearing surfaces of said members with oil, a cooling coilin said oil Well. and 'means associated With said coil for directing thecirculation of oil with respect thereto, to separate the circulating oilfrom the free surface of the oil in the Welland to provide mixture ofthe hot oil leaving the bearing surfaces With adequate volumes of cooledoil before moving into heat interchanging relation with said coil.Preferably the rotatabley bearing member is also provided with means foraiding the directing of the circulating oil into heat interchangingrelation with the cooling coil.

y The inventionis capable of receiving a l li variety of mechanicalexpressions, several of which are shown on the accompanying drawings,but it is to be expressly understood that the drawings are for purposesof illustration only and are not to be construed as a definition of thelimits of the invention, reference being had to the appended claims forthat purpose.

ln said drawings:

1 is avertical half-section of a thrust bearing embodying the presentinvention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan of the impeller ring;

' Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan showing a desirable arrangement of baffleplates;

Fig. i is a vertical half-section of another embodiment of the presentinvention;

Fig. o is a vertical half-section of still another embodiment of thepresent invention; A

Fig. 6 is a more or less schematic vertical half-section of yet anotherembodiment of the present invention; Y

7 is a vertical half-section of another embodiment of the presentinvention;

Fig. 8 is an elevation of a baffle plate 'that may be employed in thehousing of the cool- -ing coil; and

Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional elevation of another embodiment of thepresent invention.

In the form shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the invention is embodied in avertical thrust bearing of known construction. The structure ofV thebearing itself constitutes no part of the present invention as saidbearing may be of any suitable construction. In the form illustrated, avertical shaft 1 is provided Witl a thrust block 2 to which is suitablysecured, as by dowel pins 3, a runner or thrust collar t provided with abearing surface 5. Coacting with said thrust collar /i is a stationarybearing member which is show composed of a plurality of segmentalbearing portions or shoes G provided with bearing surfaces 7, althoughif desired said stationary bearingmember may be composed of a continuousor semi-continuous flexibl or rigid construction. Said segmental bearingportions 6 are preferably mounted to tilt both radially andcircumferentially circumferentially to provide for the automaticformation of Wedge-shaped oil films between the bearing surfaces andradially to equitably distribute the bearing pressurer on the concentricZonesof the bearing surfaces in accordance with the principles of theKinasbury bearings-and to this end, they shown as'niounted on thespherical heads 8 of' tap bolts 9 adjustably threaded into the base ring10. To retain said bolts in adjusted position a loch Wrench 11 is shownas in engagement with the head of each bolt and suitably mounted on saidbase ring. ft is to be expressly understood, however, that any othersuitable means for mounting or ad justing the position of the bearingmembers may be employed if desired. Said base ring is suitably providedwith passages as shown at 12 to provide for movementy of the lubricatingoil inward to the annular space 13 at the inner periphery of the bearingsurfaces, whence the said oil flows outward between the bearing` membersand surfaces.

Said bearing members operate in a bath of oil and, to this end, an oilWell isprovided in any suitable Way. In the form shown, an outerretaining wall 14 is suitably mounted on the frame or foundation 15 andan inner retaining Wall 1G is suitably mounted on the base ring 10 andclosely surrounds the shaft 1.

Mounted Within the oil Well or reservoir 1 thus provided is a coolingcoil 18 of any suitable construction and through which any suitablecooling fluid, as Water,I may be cir,- culated in any suitable Way. Saidcoil, may extend partly or entirely around the shaft and may consist ofone or more helical coils coaxial with the shaft, or one or more helicalcoils having their axis or axes in a plane or planes at right angles toor inclined to the anis of the shaft. In Fig. 1 said coil is shown ascomposed of a plurality of 'helical coils coaxial with the shaft; inFig. t said Coil is shown as composed of a plurality of coaxial helicalcoils having their axes in; a plane at right angles to the axis of theshaft While in Figs. 5 and 7 other arrangements employing a plurality ofhelical coils coaxial with the shaft are illustrated. Each coil may beconstructed as a unit or it may be composed of sections, and said coilsmay have their inlets and out-lets spaced apart as on the opposite sidesof the shaft or in adjacencyras diagram` matically illustrated in Fig.7.

TWhen the bearingy is in operation, the centrifugal action of therotatable bearing member on the oil flowing into contact therewithcauses said oil to be moved outwardly,y and thereby the rotatablebearing member sets the oil into circulation. Thiscirculation may beaided by means mounted on the rotatable bearing member; In the formshownin Figs. 1 to 3, an impeller ring 19 is suitably mounted as by bolts 2Oon the thrust collar and may desirably be made in` sections. tofacilitate application and removal of the same.

vSaid impeller ring is provided with means,

as a suitably formed surface, for acting on the oil as it comes from thebearing members or surfaces and directing it intoA heat-interchangingrelation With the cooling coil, In the embodiment illustrated in Figs.1` to 3, however, said impeller ring 19 hask a plurality of' vanes 21extending substantially in a normal direction toward the cooling coil18.

Said vanes should be so shaped as to accelerate the oil gradually uptothe velocity; at which it is desired that the same leavel said vanes andto throw the oil therefrom in the desired direction. The exact shape ofthe vanes, therefore, 'will vary* with different sizes andspeeds ofbearings and with different constructions and arrangements of thecooling coil and the associated parts. EX- perience has demonstrated,however, that it is desirable that the oil be caused to move at amoderate velocity along and lacross the cooling coil and, accordingly,said vanes are preferably of the general shape shown in Fig. 2 4so as t0cause the oil to leave the vanes in such a direction that it tends toflow both circumferentially or longitudinally and transversely ofthecoil.

`rllhe outer face of said iinpeller ring 19 may be made cylindrical or,as shown at 22 in Fig. 1, it may be slightly coned to a line just belowthe surfacelof the oil in the reservoir or well 17 so that said surfacewill tend to depress the level of the oil rather than raise it. Topermit the escape of any oil that may collect in said impeller' ring 19the same may be providedv with a plurality of small apertures 23 justbelow the surface of the oil.

To' control and direct the iiow of the oil the cooling coil `18 ispreferably more or less surrounded by a housing or battle means soshaped and arranged as to direct the oil into intimateheat-interchanging relation with said coil. Said housing may alsoprovide or constitute a part of the outer retaining wall of the oilreservoir, or it may be made a separate and distinct housing suitably'mounted in said reservoir. wWhen the wall of the oil well is constitutedin whole or in part by the housing of the cooling coil channels or pipesof any suitable construction and arrangement may be employed to conveyto the main body of the oil in the well any oil that flows out of theupper part of said housing. In the form shown in F ig. 1, the housing 24is shown as separate and distinct from the wall 14 of the reservoir andas'suitably connected to or mounted on said wall. lVhile said housingmay be of any suitable shape it is here shown as substantially circularin cross section ;r furthermore, it is preferably made in halves asindicated at 25 to facilitate assembly of the coil and housing and sothat the upper section may be removed without disturbing the lowersection' for purposes of inspection. Said housing 24 is shown as mountedeccentrically with respect to the axis of the coil 18 so as to provide aspace 26, at the inlet side of said housing, in which the impelleroperates.

Oil entering the housing 24 is caused to flow through the same and outlthrough a suitably arranged outlet aperture or apertures. In the formshown in Fig. 1, the outlet apertures 27 are positioned at the bottom ofthe housing and are shown as provided with a sharp edge 28 to deflectthrough said I outlet any dirt or sediment that might otherwise be movedalong the inner face of the housing by the circulating oil. It isdesirable that the oil leaving the housing not flow directly tothebearing surfaces owing to the sediment'that may exist therein.Accordingly, in the structure shown in Fig. 1, a battle wall 29 isinterposed between the outlets 27 and the passages to the bearingsurfaces, and is provided with a pluralityof outwardly-extendingdelecting walls 30 which provide intermediate inlet passages 31 eX-tending` through said wall 29. The outlet apertures 27 are preferablyclosed where they bridge said passages 31 so that all of the oil flowingthrough said outlet apertures 27 is caused to flow radially outward, asindicated by the arrows in Figs. 1 and 3, whence it flows radiallyinward through the passages 31, and tends to deposit its sediment orsludge in the outer bottom portion of the well or reservoir.

A space 32 is preferably left between the periphery of the impeller ringand the adj aycent wall of the housing 24 so as to permit the escape ofair that may be entrained in the oil. On the other hand, to control orprevent circulation of the oil around the exterior of the housing abattle plate 33 is preferably mounted on the outer wall of said housingadjacent said opening 32 and extends slightly above the surface 34 ofthe oil. Vhile this battle plate 33 may be imperforate,it may bedesirably provided with a plurality of aperturesr 35 to permit thepassage of oil and air so that the lattermay escape directly from thecil or from the free surface of the oil beyond.

In operation, the impeller blades 21 rotate rwith the rotatable bearingmember 4 and take uphot oil at 3G where it flows from between thebearing members and surfaces and cool oil at 37 where it flows aroundthe eX- terior of the housing 24 between said housing and the bearingmembers and at 38 where it flows around the inside of the housing 24,and, accelerating said oil, discharges the same in a directioncircumferentially or longitudinally and transversely of the coil intothe space 26 at the inlet side of the housing 24. The circulation of oilthus positively induced is controlled and directed by the walls of thehousing 24 so that said oil is caused to flow into intimateheat-interchanging relation with the cooling coil. lVhile some of theoil follows the inner face of the housing and returns to the vanes 21through the space at 38, a large part of the oil flows from the housing24 through the outlets 27 and is detiected radially outward by thebaffle walls 29 and 30. The

cooloil then flows radially inward throughr the passages 31. the abruptchanges in'the direction of its flow causing it to deposit the majorportion of its sediment in the outer portion of the well or reservoir.The oil flowing inward through the passages 31 ift() divides, and whilepart flows between the inner wall 39 of the housing and the bearingmembers, a sufiicient quantity of oil to maintain the bearing surfacessuitably lubricated flo-ws through the passages l2 and annular space 13to the bearing surfaces 5 and 7. Air that has been entrained in the oilmay escape through the passage 32, and where apertures 35 are provided asmall circulation of oil is permitted through the baffle and the escapeof air at the free surface of the cil is facilitated. fitthe same time,any considerable circulation of oil around the exterior of the housingis effectively prevented by the baille plate 33.

rllhe inner wall 39 of the housing del is not essential7 but ispreferably employed to pre vent whirling of the oil adjacent the inletends of the blades 2l. Said wall, however. may be omitted and the blades2l be extended downwardly. On the other hand, if the construction of thethrust bearing is such to provide for the radial removal of the bearingslices 6 when the load is taken oil of the bearing. it is preferable notto entend the vanes 2l if the impeller below the horizontal plane of thebearing surfaces as otherwise the im peller ring would interfere withthe radial removal of said shoes.

ln the 'embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. e, the cooling coil 18is shown as composed of a plurality of coaxial helical coi-ls havingtheir axes in a plane at right angles to the shaft and provided withsuitable inlet and outlet connections l0 which extend through the wallof the well. lVhen a plurality of coils or sections are employed in thisor other arrangements, headers may be provided at the inlet and outletends of said coils. rShe housing or baffle means 2e., which in thisarrangement is also substantially circular in cross section, is shown asmounted on the wall of the wellby the use of brackets Ll-l. ln thisarrangement the baille plates 29 and 30 are omitted so that the oil mayreturn directly to the bearing surfaces and to the inlet of the housingfrom the outlet of the housing. rllhe inner wall 39 of the housing 2Liisalso omitted in this arrangement so that the cooling coil may bebroughtinto closer relation to the hearing members. Tie upper bailleplate is also omitted in this arrangement, but the upper wall of thehousing is shown upwardly deflected at Ll2 to prevent excessivecirculation of the oil around the exterior of the housing. Radial ribsSe may also be provided on the exterior of the housing to preventeddying or whirling of the oil. As in the structure of l, a space isprovided at 32 for the cape of air entrained in the oil, while tierelatively quiet surface of the oil afforded by use of the ribs S-lfacilitates escape of air that may be entrained in the oil.

In the form shown in Fig. 5. the housing or baffle means 43 issubstantially rect-angulafr in cross section and is provided with aninte -ior partition le so as to divide the interior of said housing intoupper and lower chambers 45 and Vt6 which communicate through a passage47 at the free end of said partition 4:4. lBy this arrangement the oilis caused toy flow radially outward in heatinterchangingk relation withthe cooling pipes in. the upper chamber 45 andthen to flow radiallyinward in heat-interchanging relation with the cooling pipes in thelower chamber 46. From the latter chamber a portion of the oil escapesthrough the Outlet or outlets 48 while another portion of the oilreturns to the space between the housing and the bearing members and theinlet of the housine' through the outlet or outlets 49. As in thearrangement of F ig. l, baille plates Q9 and 30 may be provided tosecurethe deposition of sediment in the outer portion of the reservoirbut7 as in the arrangement of Fig. Ll, these baille plates may beomitted. In the structure of Fig. 5, the impeller vanes 2l are shown asprojectingmaterially below the' horizontal plane ofthe bearing surfacesand as delivering substantially radially into the housing Thisarrangement is calculated to eti'ect a more nearly horizontal movementof the oil into heat-interchanging relation with the cooling coil.

ln the form shown in Fig. 6, the housing or baille means 50 is againmade substantially circular in cross section but isprovided with anoutlet 5l adjacent the inlet 52", a flowdirecting wall 53 being' shownas separating the inlet and outlet andV controlling the direction ofthey oil circulation. In this arrangement, a stationary baille plate 54is shown as positioned between the cooling coil and thebea-ring members'and provided with apertures 55 through which the oil may return1 to thebearing surfaces while the re mainder of the circulating'oil flowsupwardly into adj acency to the inletr to the housing.

ln the preferred form which is shown in Fig. 7 the housing is providedby an upper baffle wall 60 and inner and outer baille walls 6l and 62.The walls G0 andI (i2 are preferably connected into a removable unit asby an interposed angle iron, and are supported in spaced relation fromthe coil when in operative position by separators or brackets 0f anysuitable construction. The inner wall 6l may have upwardly-extendingprojections which aid in supporting the inner edge of the upper wall60.k In this embodiment, the cooling coil is shown as composed of aplurality of coaxial, vertically arranged helical coils connected inpairs and having their inlet and outlet pipes 63 in adjacency. Saidinlet and outlet pipes are preferably carried below the lower edge ofthe wall 6:2 and then bent upwardly through the open bottom of thehousing for connection with the coils proper so as not to interfere withthe application and withdrawal of the removable side wall 62. Said pipes63, where they pass through the wall 14, preferably have a union wherebythe coil may be withdrawn vertically from the wall as a unit. Such aunion is shown at 63.

Said cooling coil may be supported in any suitable way. In the formshown, a plurality of brackets 64 are suitably secured to the outer wallof the reservoir as by bolts 65 and carry the inner wall 61 and saddleblocks 66 of relatively soft material such as wood for supporting thepiping. Distance pieces of similar material are also preferablyinterposed between the sections of the coil so as to prevent injury incase of vibration, and the coils may be firmly clamped on ythe saddleblocks by bolts 67 so as to constitute a readily removable unit. Saidbrackets 6ft may be omitted and legs on the saddle blocks 66 support thecoil unit on the bottom of the well-a desirable construction when thewall 14 is made integral with the base.

To facilitate the escape of air, said upper wall 60 may be provided witha plurality of small apertures 68, or the housing may be providedwith anextension as indicated at 68 in dotted lines, said extension )providinga free surface for the escape of air and maintaining a head on the oilin the housing to aid in the desired circulation. llVhen either of theseexpediente is employed to permit escape of air the opening 32 may bediminished or entirely omitted. rllhe outerwall ,62 may also be providedwith a plurality of apertures G9 toy permit the escape of oiltherethrough and thereby increase the effectiveness of the outer coil.The inner wall Gl may be entirely omitted, but is preferably provided toprevent whirling of the oil adjacent the impeller blades 70. As shown,the cooling coil and its'housing are preferably so arranged that thecoil and housing may be removed without disturbing the ,impeller ring.

`The interior of the housing shown in Fig. 7 may be divided into aplurality of compartments bv a plurality of baffle plates 71 of theconstruction illustrated in Fig. 8. Said' baffle plates are preferablyso constructed as to be readily removable and, as shown, may be providedwith elongated slots so that they may straddle the coils. Said baffleplates may be positioned vertically or they may be 1nclined to thevertical; but they are preferably so mounted as to be substantiallyparallel to the direction of flow of the oil.

As shown in Fig. 7, the upper baflleplate 72 may be composed of angleironssuitably attached and mounted on the housing and, if apertures areto be provided therethrough, the lower angle iron may be composed ofseparated sections to provide intermediate spaces between the sections.

As inthe other embodiments of this invention, .the hot oil as it leavesthe bearing surfaces moves, or is moved, outwardly under the action ofcentrifugal force, and becomes mixed with a substantial volume ofcirculating `oil which rises between the inner wall or baille 6l and theouter periphery of the bearing members. The temperature of the hot oilis thus reduced by intermixture with the relatively cool oil which ispassed through the coil and is rising through said passage, and thecombined current is directed through the inlet afforded between theinner wall 6l and the top wall 60, which is spaced from the bearingsurfaces butopposed thereto in substantially radial alignment therewithThe circulating oil is separated from the free surface of the oil in thewell by the top wall or baffle 60, and the circulating oil fans out andis deflected downwardly by the wall 62 radiallyr outside of the coil, sothat themoving oil is brought into intimate heat inter-changing relationwith the coil. The circulating oil flows out through the bottom kof thehousing, which in this embodiment is left entirely open, and thensubdivides, so much` of the circulating oil as is required flowingradiallyinward through the passages l2 and thence to the bearingmembers, while the remainder of the circulating oil rises through thepassage between the wall 6l and the outer periphery of the bearingmembers to mix with more hot oil leaving the bearing surfaces. Thus arconsiderable volume of oil is maintained. in vigorous circulationthrough the inlet of the coil housing, downwardly through the coil andhousing, and upwardly between the periphery of the bearing members andthe coil or the inner wall of its housing, somewhat after the nature ofa vortex, while a portion of the circulating coil, after it is cooled bypassage through the coil and its housing, leaves the main current andfiows upwardly radially inside of the bearing members to and between thebearing surfaces, abstracting heat therefrom, and then mixring with theaforesaid main current of cool oil as it flows from the bearingsurfaces.

`In all of rthese embodiments of the invention, the oil is positivelycirculated by the impeller on the rotatable bearing member and fedthereby into heat-interchanging relation with the cooling coil. Thecirculation thus created is controlled and directed by the constructionand arrangement of the housing for said coil, the oil spreading out asit flows through the housing and the current f i being sub-divided bythe pipes of the coil so i as to ensure au intimate contact of the oilwith the cooling surfaces of said coil, its velocity decreasing as theoil progresses through the housing. The inlets and outlets of the,housing and the spacing of the pipes are selected to effect as far aspossible a uniform `distribution of the oil through the housing auditsintimate contact with the pipes of CIK oil in the housing in circulationwhile feeding in hot oil from the bearing surfaces and mixing it withcooled oil which rises through the space provided between the peripheryof the bearing members and the inner wall of the housing-or the coolingcoil when such inner wall is omitted. Then the oil is thus circulatedthrough a housing of generally circular cross section the effect ofcentrifugal force is to cause the hotter and less dense oil to flow tothe center, whereby the central portion of the coil is renderedeffective in cooling the hotter oil. As practically all of the oil inthewell is maintained in continuous circulation in heat-interchangingrelation with the coil, the oil is effectively cooled even though thegeneration of heat by the friction of the bearing surfaces be relativelygreat. At the same time, the proper cooling of the oil is effectedwithout undue complication of the bearing,r and without the use ofelaborate or expensive exterior means for abstracting the heat from Vtheoil.

In place of vanes on the rotatable bearing member, its peripheralsurface or the surface of a. ring mounted thereon may be so shaped, asby having an upwardly and outwardly suitably curved surface, as to impelthe oil and thereby induce a circulation thereof. Vilhile the means forpositively cirthe oil 1ireferably taires the form of an oil-impelling`or directing` device on or moved by the rotatable bearing member, it iswithin the purview of this invention to have a pump in the reservoir ofany suitable construction feed the oil into heat-interchanging relationwith a cooling coil constructed and arranged in accordance with thepresent invention. Such an arrangement is sho1 more or less s iaticallyin 9 vf'herein a pump 80, oi a v suitable construction and driven inan?,7 aimable way, by

.gearing from the thrust collar or `he shaft,

positively feeds the oil into heat-interchanging relation with one ormore coils 8l in housings SQ. The coils with their housings and the pumpmay then constitute a readily removable unit.

Moreover, wnile vaned or other oil im- Delling means have been disclosedin conjunction witl the several embodiments, the.

oil may be maint ined in sufficiently vigorous circulation by thecentrifugal action of the rota ile bear .ig member so that vaned L L, orodiei i l imnelling or dire i ing m socia ,ed with the rotatable bearingbecoineunuecessary. But in eitherevcu present invention provides hig ilyehicien ineens for effecting the dissipation of heat abstracted from themembers, because the hot oil as it flows from the bearing members ismixed with an adequate volume of cool oil owing in the passage betweenthe bearing members and the coil or its housing, and then directed intoheat interchanging relation with the coil. in a manner that insuresefficient cooling of the oil without stagnation or undue aeration of theoil. The body of circulating oil is separated from the free surface ofthe oil by th'e upper baille or housing top, and therefore the danger ofexcessive amounts of air being ent-rained with the circulating oil isavoided. At the same time, a vigorous circulation of oil is maintainedthrough the coil because of the volume of oil which is maintained inmovement downwardly through the coil and upwardly outside of the coil,between the same and the bearing members. rherefore effective cooling ofthe oil is secured by use of coil contained in the bearing struct-ure,and the need for a separate oil circulatingand cooling system outside ofthe bearing structure has been eliminated.

T-.Vhile the embodiments of the invention shown on the drawings havebeen described with considerable particularity it. isr to be expresslyunderstood that the invention is not limited thereto, as the same iscapable of receiving a variety of mechanical expressions some of whichwill readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, whilecertain features thereof are capable of use without other featuresthereof. 'Furthermore is to be expressly understood that features ofconstruction shown in connection with only one or more of the structuresmay be employed in conjunction with other of the structures withoutdeparting from the spirit of this invention. Reference is. therefore tobe had to the appended claims for a definition of the limits of theinvention.

In the claims the term housing is used generically to designate anysuitable construction or arrangement of walls, the radially outermost ofwhich may be the wall of the oil well itself, on two or more sides ofthe coil for partially or wholly enclosing the cooling coil (except forsuitable inlet and outlet openings) and direct-ing the circulating oilinto heat interchanging relation there with.

What I claim is l. ln a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearingmember and a stationary bearing member, means for supplying the bearingsurfaces of said members with oil, a cooling coil for said oil, andmeans associated with the rotatable bearing member and acting on the oilas it leaves the bearing surfaces for directi: the oil into heatinterchanging relation with said coil.

2. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, mea-ns for supplying the bearing surfaces ofsaid members with oil, a cooling coil for said oil, and means associatedwith said rotatable bearing member and acting on the oil as it lea-vesthe'b'earing members for positively circulating said oil ico llG

through said coil in,heat-interchanging Irelation therewith.

3. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in Which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, and means in said Well acting onthe oil as it comes from thebearing surfaces for positively moving theoil into heat-interchanging relation With said coil.

l. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in Which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil 'in said Well spaced from said stationarybearing member to provide a passage through Which the oil may circulate,and baille means'between said coilf and the free surface of the oil. f

5. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, and means in saidwvell acting onthe oil as it comes from the bearing ymembers for directing the `oiltransversely ot said coil in heat-interchanging relation therewith.

G. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, and means carried by saidrotatable member for directing the oil as it leaves the bearing surfacesdirectly into heat-interchanging'relation with said coil.

'l'. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil well in which said bear- ,ing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said well, and means associated with saidrotatable bearing member t'or feeding the oil as it comes from thebearing surfaces directly through said coil.

8. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, means movable with said rotatablebearing member for directing the oil as it comes from the bearingsurfaces directly through said coil, and means for directing the flow ofoil produced by said last-named means'.

9. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an eil Well. in which ysaid bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said well., a housing providing a space inwhich said coil received and arranged to direct the flow of oiltherethrough, and means on therotatable bearing member for directing theoil into said housing as it comes trom the bearing surfaces.

l0.- In a bearing, in combination With a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, a housing providing a space inwhich said coil is received and having an inlet and an outlet, and meansrotating with said rotatable bearing member in proximity to said inletfor'directing the oil through said housing.

ll. In a bearing, in combination with a ro tatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, and a housingl `tor said coilproviding a passage between the same and said stationary bearing memberthrough which the oil may circulate.

12. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and 'astationary bearing member, an oil Well in which said bearing men'rbers`operate, a cooling coil in said Well, a housing for said coil, means forfeeding the oil through said housing, and baille plates on the outletside of said housing to ell'ect the deposit of sediment.

13. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationery bearing member, an oil Well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, a housing for said coil, meansiort'eeding the oil through said housing, and a baille exterior of saidhousing to control circulation of oil around the outside of saidhousing.

lt. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing ijnembcr and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in rwhich said 3earin r membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, and Walls above and radiallyoutside ol said coil tor directing the circulation ot oil through thecoil as it comes trom the bearing surfaces.

l5. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oilvvell in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, a housing for said coil providedwith an inlet, and vanos movable With said rotatable bearing member lordirecting the oil as it comes from 'the bearing surfaces cir#cumiterentially and radially into said inlet.

1G. A thrust bearing cfnnprising rotatable and stationaryv bearingmembers provided with cooperating bearing surfaces, an oil Well forsupplying said bearing surfaces with lubricant, a cooling coil in saidWell, and a housing for said coil having an inlet spaced radially -fromsaid bearing members and disposed at an angle to the plane of saidbear-` ing surfaces, to receive the circulation of oil induced by therotation of said rotatable bearing member. i

17. A thrust bearing comprising rotatable and stationary bearing membersprovided with cooperating bearin surfaces, an oil Well e for supplying'said bearing surfaces with lubricant, a cooling coil in said Well, andWalls above and radial y inside of said coil; for directing thecirculation of oil with respect to said coil as it comes from saidbearing surfaces.

18. A thrust bearing comprising rotatable and stationary bearing membersprovided With cooperating bearing surfaces, an oil Well for supplyingsaid bearing surfaces with lubricant, a cooling coil in said Well, aWall above said coil, Wall radially inside of said coil and spaced fromsaid bearing members to provide a passage, said last-named Wallproviding an inlet to said coil, and means on the periphery of saidrotatable bearing member for directing the oil as it comes from thebearing surfaces into heat-interchanging relation with said coil.

i9. A thrust bearing comprising rotatable and stationary bearing membersprovided with cooperating bearing surfaces, an oil Well for supplyingsaid bearing surfaces With lubricant, a cooling coil in said Well, aWall above said coil,l and a Wall radially inside of said coil andproviding an inlet to said coil, said last-named ivall being spaced fromsaid bearing members to provide a passage for the tloiv of oil to saidinlet.

20. A thrust bearing comprisingarotatable and stationary bearing membersprovided' with cooperating bearing surfaces, an oil Well for supplyingsaid bearing surfaces with lubricant, a cooling coil in said iva l, andmeans associated with said rotatable bearing member for directing theoil circumferentially and radially into heat-interchanging relation wimsaid coil as it comes from the bearing surfaces.

2l. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, means for supplying the bearing surfaces ofsaid members with oil, a cooling coil for said oil, and meanssubstantially in alignment With said bearing surfaces for directing theoil as it leaves said bearing surfaces into heat-interchanging re lationwith said coil.

22. In a bearing', in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary fig member, an oil Well inV which said bearing' membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, a Wall above said coil and belowthe free surface ofthe oil, a Wall radially outside of said coil, and aWall radially inside of said coil and providing an inlet to said coil insubstantial alignment with the bearing surfaces.

23. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well for supplying the bearingsurfaces of said members with oil, a cooling coil in said Well, a Wallabove said coil and below the free surface of the oil, and a Wallradially inside of said coil and providing an inlet to said coil insubstantial alignment with the bearing surfaces.

24. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in Which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said Well, n sans associated with saidrotatable bearing member for directing the oil as it comes from thebearing surfaces, and a Wall in said Well above said coil for directingthe oil into heat-interchanging relation with said coil.

25. In a bearing, in combination With a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil Well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling` coil in said Well, vanes on said rotatable bearingmember for circulating the oil, means in said Well for directing the oilinto heat-interchanging relation With said coil, and means in said Wellto prevent eddying of the oil adjacent said vanes.

26. In a bearing, in combination Wit-h relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an oil Well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said nembersYwith oil, a cooling coil in said Well, a Wall above said coil and aivall radially inside of said coil and spaced from said bearing members,said last-named Wall being spaced from said nist-named Wall to providean inlet to said coil in substantially horizontal alignment with thebearing surfaces.

27. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an oil Well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said nem-berswith oil, a cooling coil in said Well, and a baille Wall between saidcoil and said bearing members and spaced from said bearing members toprovide a passage through which the oil may flow from the coilexteriorly of the bearing members.

QS. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, oil Well for supplyng the bearing surfaces of said members withoil, a cooling coil in said Well, and a housing for said coil having aninlet substantially in alignment With said bearing surfaces forreceiving the circulating oil, said housing affording a passage betiveenthe same and said bearing members whereby oil circulated through saidhousing may return to said inlet exteriorly of said housing.

29. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an oil Well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said membersWith oil, a cooling coil for said oil, and a housing for said coilhaving an inlet adjacentt-he periphery of said bearing surfaces.

30. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an Oil Well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said memberswith oil, a cooling coil in said Well, a. housing for said coilvhavingan inlet ad] acent the periphery of said bearing surfaces,

and means associated with-the rotatable bearing member for directing theoil into said inletas it comes from the bearing surfaces.

31. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable rbearin gmembers, an oil well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said memberswith oil, a cooling coil in said well, a housing for said coil having aninlet adjacent the periphery of said bearingsurfaces, and vanes on therotatable bearing member yfor feeding the oil into said inlet as itcomes from the bearing surfaces. y n

32. In abearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an yoil well kfor supplying the bearing surfacesof said memberswith oil, a cooling coil in said well, and a sectional housing for saidcoil removable independently7 ofsaid coil, and having said baffle Wallshaving an inlet spaced fromk but in substantial alignment with saidbearing surfaces. c c y 34. In a bearing, in combination with arotatable bearing member and a stationary bearing member, an oil well inwhich said bearingr members operate, a cooling coil in said well, meansassociated with said rotatable bearing member for circulating oil intoheat-interchanging relation with said coil as it comes from the bearingsurfaces, and means whereby the oil will be substantially free ofentrained air as it circulates to the bearing members.

35. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said well, means associated with saidrotatable bearing member for circulating oil into heat-interchangingrelation with said coil as it comes from the bearing surfaces, and meansin proximity tothe periphery of said rotatsaid well, battle wallsassociated with said coil for directing the circulating oil intoheatinterchanging relation with said coil, and

yinlet and out-let connections for said coil vadapted to permit saidcoil to be removed from said well as a` unit.

38. In a bearing, in comliiination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said well, baffle walls associated with saidcoil for directing the circulating oil into heat-interchanging relationwith said coil, said baffle walls being removable as a unit.

39. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil well in which said bearing membersoperate, and a cooling coil in said well, the peripheral portion of saidrotatable bearing member being formed to direct oil intoheat-interchanging relation with said coil as it comes from said bearingmembers.

40. In a bearing,`in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil well in which said bearing membersoperate, and a cooling coil in said well adjacent said bearing members,the peripheral portion of said rotatable bearing member being formed toact on the oil as it yleaves said bearing members and circulate the samethrough said coil.

4l. In a bearing, in combination with a rotatable bearing member and astationary bearing member, an oil well in which said bearing membersoperate, a cooling coil in said well adjacent said bearing members, theperipheral portion of said rotatable bearing member being formed to acton the oil as it leaves said bearing members and circulate the samethrough said coil, and walls associated with said coil for directing thecirculation of oil therethrough.

42. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an oil well for supplying the bearingk surfaces of said memberswith oil, a cooling coil for said oil, and a housing for said coilhaving anjinlet adjacent the periphery of said bearing surfaces andserving' to direct the How of oil about saidfcoil. f

43. Ina bearing including relatively retatable means having cooperatingwearing surfaces, a body of oil surrounding said bear-r and re-pass saidcooling means within the Comines of said baflie means and some of theoil so cooled leaves the confines of said bathe means and is again drawninto said whirling portionwithout first going to said wearing surfaces.c

lief. In a bearing including an oil well containing a! body of oil,means for causing a Cil portion of said body of oil to assume avortexlike flow in said well and allowing some of the oil to leave saidvortex and return tothe wearing parts of said bearing, and cooling meansdisposed in substantially opposite arcuate portions of said flow in anycross section of said vortex including the bearing axis.

45. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an oil well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said memberswith oil, a cooling coil for said oil, and a housing for said coilhaving an inlet adjacent the periphery of said bearing surfaces, saidhousing being spaced from the periphery of the bearing members toprovide a passage through which oil will flow to mingle with the oiliow' ig from the bearing surfaces to said inlet.

46. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an oil well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said memberswith oil, a cooling coil for said oil, and a housing for said coilhaving an inlet spaced from and in substantial alignment with theperiphery of said bearing surfaces'.

47. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an oil well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said memberswith oil, a cooling coil in said well surrounding said bearing members,a wall within said coil spaced from the periphery of the bearing membersto provide a passage for the liow of oil, and a wall above said coil,providing with said first-named wall an oil inlet to said coil.

48. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an oil well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said memberswith oil, a cooling coil for said oil, a housing for said coil havingits inner wall vspaced from the periphery of the bearing members toprovide a passage for the upward flow of oil outside of said bearingmembers, said housing having an inlet in substantial alignment with theperiphery of said bearing surfaces, and a passage for the flow of oil tothe inner side of said bearing surfaces.

49. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, a bearing housing containing a body of oil, a cooling coil, ahousing for said cooling coil having an inlet in proximity to saidbearing surfaces through which oil is forced to said coil by themovement of the rotatable bearing me "-iber, and a passage through whichoil returns to said bearing surfaces.

50. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bear'ingmembers, oil well for supplying the bearing surfaces of said memberswith oil, a cooling coil in said well surrounding said bearing surfacesand spaced therefrom, and means housing said coil and having an openingon its inner side through which oil is circulated into heatinterchanging relation with said coil by the movement of the rotatablebearing member.

5l. In a bearing, in combination with relatively rotatable bearingmembers, an oil well in which said bearing members operate, a coolingcoil in said well, and means in said well including a substantiallyhorizontal wall above said coil but below the surface of said oil fordirecting the iiow of oil as it comes from said bearing members.

52. A bearing includinp` an oil well, relatively rotatable means havingcooperating bearing surfaces, disposed in .aid oil well whereby the oilis whirled by said rotatable means and thrown outwardly, a baille spacedfrom said relatively rotatable means to form a passage through which oilwill be drawn from the lower part of said well into the low pressureZone near said whirling portion, the radial width of said passage atsaid Zone being such as to have the liow in said passage wholly towardssaid whirling portion, and cooling means in said well radially outsideof said baile.

53. a bea-ring, in combination with a bearing member and a stationarymemer, an koil well in which said members operate, a cooling coil insaid well spaced from said stationary bearing member to provide apassage, a battle wall above said coil, and a vertical wall within saidoil well on the opposite side of said coil from said stationary bearingmember.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification. i

HARRY A. S. HOVARTH. v

